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    Graphics Glossary


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    GraphicsAcademy.com  >  Glossary  >  Point

       

     

    Point

    In computerised typography a point is 1/72 of an inch (0.013888 inches), and is often used to specify the size of fonts

    The Points system originated with Simon Fournier who, in 1737, first proposed a standardized system based on 72 points per inch. Fournier published a printed scale based on this idea, but as the pages dried, the paper shrank, and thus for many years after printers were stuck with inconsistent tools and measures.

    Francois Didot, in 1770, proposed a solution of defining a Point as exactly 1/72 per French inch (French inches are not the same as English inches). Didot's system remained the standard system in continental Europe until the 20th century. The Didot point, in English measurement, is 0.014775 inches.

    In Britain and the United States, standardization did not occur until a fire destroyed the foundry of Marder, Luse & Co. Subsequent to the fire, the foundry had to rebuild all its molds from scratch. Nelson Hawks was commissioned by the foundry, and standard his Point at 0.013838 inches (thus 72 Hawks Points are 0.996336 inches).

    With the development of computerised typography in the 1980s, a Point was again redefined, this time as exactly 1/72 of an inch (0.013888 inches). This standard is now used in pretty much all computer graphics/typography applications, including in PostScript, Microsoft Windows, and on the Apple Macintosh.


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